IB Mathematics · Topic list · Page 19

510 topic ideas for the Mathematics IA and Extended Essay – page 19.

25 topics per page for faster mobile loading; search and filters cover all 510 ideas.

Page 19 of 21

Topic ideas 451 to 475 of 510.

Every title is followed by two sentences explaining the investigation and possible use of differential calculus, integral calculus, statistics or probability. When used, search and filters automatically cover the complete catalogue.

Planning guidance, not official topic approvalThe IA, EE, AA, Math AI, SL and HL classifications are editorial guidance. The current subject guide, assessment session, mathematical depth, focus and school approval remain decisive.
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Page 19: topics 451–475 of 510

Mixed topic list for the Mathematics IA and Mathematics Extended Essay
No. Topic idea A C P M S
451 Temperature modelling & vehicle safetyDashboard and seat colour as determinants of surface temperature in an empty car

The investigation examines how “Dashboard and seat colour as determinants of surface temperature in an empty car” develops over time or in response to a changing variable and which model best represents the pattern. Differential calculus can determine rates of change and integral calculus can capture total effects, while statistics and probability help assess measurement error, variation and model fit.

Differential calculus · Integral calculus · Statistics · Probability
3 9 1671112 34101213 1
452 Temperature modelling & vehicle safetyEffectiveness of different sunshades against heating in an empty vehicle

The investigation examines how “Effectiveness of different sunshades against heating in an empty vehicle” develops over time or in response to a changing variable and which model best represents the pattern. Differential calculus can determine rates of change and integral calculus can capture total effects, while statistics and probability help assess measurement error, variation and model fit.

Differential calculus · Integral calculus · Statistics · Probability
3 9 1671112 34101213 1
453 Temperature modelling & vehicle safetyWindow gap and air exchange: effects on heating in an empty parked car

The investigation examines how “Window gap and air exchange: effects on heating in an empty parked car” develops over time or in response to a changing variable and which model best represents the pattern. Differential calculus can determine rates of change and integral calculus can capture total effects, while statistics and probability help assess measurement error, variation and model fit.

Differential calculus · Integral calculus · Statistics · Probability
3 9 1671112 34101213 1
454 Temperature modelling & vehicle safetyPrediction model and warning threshold for dangerous in-car temperatures

The investigation examines how “Prediction model and warning threshold for dangerous in-car temperatures” develops over time or in response to a changing variable and which model best represents the pattern. Differential calculus can determine rates of change and integral calculus can capture total effects, while statistics and probability help assess measurement error, variation and model fit.

Differential calculus · Integral calculus · Statistics · Probability
3 9 1671112 34101213 1
455 Football economics & sports statisticsFootball-club player wages and league points achieved

The investigation explores how “Football-club player wages and league points achieved” can be described and compared quantitatively using original measurements or suitable open data. Statistics and probability can test relationships, variation and uncertainty, while differential calculus and integral calculus can extend trend models through rates of change or cumulative effects.

Differential calculus · Integral calculus · Statistics · Probability
3 9 3891112 13 0
456 Football economics & sports statisticsTransfer spending and final league position

The investigation explores how “Transfer spending and final league position” can be described and compared quantitatively using original measurements or suitable open data. Statistics and probability can test relationships, variation and uncertainty, while differential calculus and integral calculus can extend trend models through rates of change or cumulative effects.

Differential calculus · Integral calculus · Statistics · Probability
3 9 3891112 13 0
457 Football economics & sports statisticsSquad market value and probability of progressing in a tournament

The investigation explores how “Squad market value and probability of progressing in a tournament” can be described and compared quantitatively using original measurements or suitable open data. Statistics and probability can test relationships, variation and uncertainty, while differential calculus and integral calculus can extend trend models through rates of change or cumulative effects.

Differential calculus · Integral calculus · Statistics · Probability
3 9 3891112 13 0
458 Football economics & sports statisticsAttendance and a club's sporting performance during a season

The investigation explores how “Attendance and a club's sporting performance during a season” can be described and compared quantitatively using original measurements or suitable open data. Statistics and probability can test relationships, variation and uncertainty, while differential calculus and integral calculus can extend trend models through rates of change or cumulative effects.

Differential calculus · Integral calculus · Statistics · Probability
3 9 3891112 13 0
459 Football economics & sports statisticsTicket price, stadium occupancy and home-match revenue

The investigation explores how “Ticket price, stadium occupancy and home-match revenue” can be described and compared quantitatively using original measurements or suitable open data. Statistics and probability can test relationships, variation and uncertainty, while differential calculus and integral calculus can extend trend models through rates of change or cumulative effects.

Differential calculus · Integral calculus · Statistics · Probability
3 9 3891112 13 0
460 Football economics & sports statisticsPossession and win probability across different leagues

The investigation explores how “Possession and win probability across different leagues” can be described and compared quantitatively using original measurements or suitable open data. Statistics and probability can test relationships, variation and uncertainty, while differential calculus and integral calculus can extend trend models through rates of change or cumulative effects.

Differential calculus · Integral calculus · Statistics · Probability
3 9 3891112 13 0
461 Football economics & sports statisticsExpected goals and actual goals: model performance over a season

The investigation explores how “Expected goals and actual goals: model performance over a season” can be described and compared quantitatively using original measurements or suitable open data. Statistics and probability can test relationships, variation and uncertainty, while differential calculus and integral calculus can extend trend models through rates of change or cumulative effects.

Differential calculus · Integral calculus · Statistics · Probability
3 9 3891112 13 0
462 Football economics & sports statisticsManager changes and variation in average points per match

The investigation explores how “Manager changes and variation in average points per match” can be described and compared quantitatively using original measurements or suitable open data. Statistics and probability can test relationships, variation and uncertainty, while differential calculus and integral calculus can extend trend models through rates of change or cumulative effects.

Differential calculus · Integral calculus · Statistics · Probability
3 9 3891112 13 0
463 Football economics & sports statisticsTravel distance and the strength of home advantage

The investigation explores how “Travel distance and the strength of home advantage” can be described and compared quantitatively using original measurements or suitable open data. Statistics and probability can test relationships, variation and uncertainty, while differential calculus and integral calculus can extend trend models through rates of change or cumulative effects.

Differential calculus · Integral calculus · Statistics · Probability
3 9 3891112 13 0
464 Football economics & sports statisticsYouth-academy investment and later first-team market value

The investigation explores how “Youth-academy investment and later first-team market value” can be described and compared quantitatively using original measurements or suitable open data. Statistics and probability can test relationships, variation and uncertainty, while differential calculus and integral calculus can extend trend models through rates of change or cumulative effects.

Differential calculus · Integral calculus · Statistics · Probability
3 9 3891112 13 0
465 Business analyticsEmployee count and revenue across an industry

The investigation explores how “Employee count and revenue across an industry” can be described and compared quantitatively using original measurements or suitable open data. Statistics and probability can test relationships, variation and uncertainty, while differential calculus and integral calculus can extend trend models through rates of change or cumulative effects.

Differential calculus · Integral calculus · Statistics · Probability
3 9 91112 13 0
466 Business analyticsEmployee count and company profit

The investigation explores how “Employee count and company profit” can be described and compared quantitatively using original measurements or suitable open data. Statistics and probability can test relationships, variation and uncertainty, while differential calculus and integral calculus can extend trend models through rates of change or cumulative effects.

Differential calculus · Integral calculus · Statistics · Probability
3 9 91112 13 0
467 Business analyticsRevenue per employee as a function of company size

The investigation explores how “Revenue per employee as a function of company size” can be described and compared quantitatively using original measurements or suitable open data. Statistics and probability can test relationships, variation and uncertainty, while differential calculus and integral calculus can extend trend models through rates of change or cumulative effects.

Differential calculus · Integral calculus · Statistics · Probability
3 9 91112 13 0
468 Business analyticsWorkforce growth and subsequent revenue development

The investigation explores how “Workforce growth and subsequent revenue development” can be described and compared quantitatively using original measurements or suitable open data. Statistics and probability can test relationships, variation and uncertainty, while differential calculus and integral calculus can extend trend models through rates of change or cumulative effects.

Differential calculus · Integral calculus · Statistics · Probability
3 9 91112 13 0
469 Business analyticsEmployee turnover and operating profit margin

The investigation explores how “Employee turnover and operating profit margin” can be described and compared quantitatively using original measurements or suitable open data. Statistics and probability can test relationships, variation and uncertainty, while differential calculus and integral calculus can extend trend models through rates of change or cumulative effects.

Differential calculus · Integral calculus · Statistics · Probability
3 9 91112 13 0
470 Innovation & patent analyticsNumber of patent applications and company profit

The investigation explores how “Number of patent applications and company profit” can be described and compared quantitatively using original measurements or suitable open data. Statistics and probability can test relationships, variation and uncertainty, while differential calculus and integral calculus can extend trend models through rates of change or cumulative effects.

Differential calculus · Integral calculus · Statistics · Probability
3 9 91112 13 0
471 Innovation & patent analyticsCitation-weighted patents and company market value

The investigation explores how “Citation-weighted patents and company market value” can be described and compared quantitatively using original measurements or suitable open data. Statistics and probability can test relationships, variation and uncertainty, while differential calculus and integral calculus can extend trend models through rates of change or cumulative effects.

Differential calculus · Integral calculus · Statistics · Probability
3 9 91112 13 0
472 Innovation & patent analyticsResearch-and-development spending, patent count and revenue growth

The investigation explores how “Research-and-development spending, patent count and revenue growth” can be described and compared quantitatively using original measurements or suitable open data. Statistics and probability can test relationships, variation and uncertainty, while differential calculus and integral calculus can extend trend models through rates of change or cumulative effects.

Differential calculus · Integral calculus · Statistics · Probability
3 9 91112 13 0
473 Innovation & patent analyticsTime lag between patent applications and measurable changes in profit

The investigation explores how “Time lag between patent applications and measurable changes in profit” can be described and compared quantitatively using original measurements or suitable open data. Statistics and probability can test relationships, variation and uncertainty, while differential calculus and integral calculus can extend trend models through rates of change or cumulative effects.

Differential calculus · Integral calculus · Statistics · Probability
3 9 91112 13 0
474 Innovation & patent analyticsTechnological diversity of a patent portfolio and profitability

The investigation explores how “Technological diversity of a patent portfolio and profitability” can be described and compared quantitatively using original measurements or suitable open data. Statistics and probability can test relationships, variation and uncertainty, while differential calculus and integral calculus can extend trend models through rates of change or cumulative effects.

Differential calculus · Integral calculus · Statistics · Probability
3 9 91112 13 0
475 Financial markets & mediaDaily company-news volume and stock return

The investigation explores how “Daily company-news volume and stock return” can be described and compared quantitatively using original measurements or suitable open data. Statistics and probability can test relationships, variation and uncertainty, while differential calculus and integral calculus can extend trend models through rates of change or cumulative effects.

Differential calculus · Integral calculus · Statistics · Probability
3 9 791112 13 0
Code legend

What A, C, P, M and S mean.

The table stays narrow on a phone by replacing long descriptions with numeric codes. Entries may contain several P and M codes.

AAssessment type
1
Internal Assessment (IA)
2
Mathematics Extended Essay (EE)
3
Potentially suitable for an IA or EE, depending on focus and mathematical depth
CCourse and level
1
Mathematics AA SL
2
Mathematics AA HL
3
Mathematics AA at SL or HL
4
Mathematics AI SL
5
Mathematics AI HL
6
Mathematics AI at SL or HL
7
Mathematics AA or AI at SL
8
Mathematics AA or AI at HL
9
Mathematics AA or AI at SL or HL
PWays to demonstrate independent direction and personal engagement
1
Own data, measurements, observations or experiment
2
Own photographs, drawings, constructions or models
3
Own sport, video, GPS or tracker context
4
Own school or class survey or observation
5
Own everyday, household, consumer or financial data
6
Local context: environment, buildings, traffic, climate or nature
7
Own programming, simulation or algorithm
8
Personal interest: music, art, games, design or another hobby
9
Public data selected, prepared and analysed independently
10
Own conjecture, proof idea, generalisation or theoretical comparison
11
Own modelling decision, construction, optimisation or adaptation
12
Critical comparison of assumptions, errors, limitations or ethical issues
MMeasuring instruments, tools or data access
0
No specialist physical instrument; a calculator, CAS, spreadsheet or open data may be sufficient
1
Ruler, tape measure, calliper or protractor
2
Balance or precision scale
3
Contact thermometer or temperature data logger
4
Infrared thermometer or thermal camera
5
Multimeter or another electrical measuring instrument
6
Stopwatch or timer
7
Camera or smartphone for photographic and video analysis
8
GPS device or fitness tracker
9
Microphone, sound-level meter or audio-analysis software
10
Light meter, light sensor or solar sensor
11
Conductivity, pH or salinity meter
12
Weather instruments, such as an anemometer or rain gauge
13
Computer, spreadsheet, CAS, GeoGebra, Desmos or Python
14
Survey form, data sheet or observation record
15
Force sensor or spring balance
16
Laboratory glassware, measuring cylinder or pipette
17
Telescope, binoculars or a suitable camera
18
Humidity or material-moisture sensor
19
Non-invasive physiology sensor, such as heart-rate or reaction-time measurement
20
Physical model, 3D printer or material samples
21
Specialist school laboratory equipment
SSafety and data protection
0
Likely to be low risk within normal school practice
1
Supervision recommended, for example for heat, electricity, sport or traffic observation
2
Carry out only in a school laboratory or with qualified supervision
3
Sensitive personal or health data: consent, anonymisation and preferably secondary data; no medical self-intervention

Turn an idea into an independent investigation.

Guidance on focus, independent direction, safety and data use is provided on the first page of the topic list.

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